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Original Articles
The association between the socioeconomic deprivation level and ischemic heart disease mortality in Japan: an analysis using municipality-specific data
Tasuku Okui, Tetsuya Matoba, Naoki Nakashima
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022059.   Published online July 14, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022059
  • 7,614 View
  • 397 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Geographical variation in the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for ischemic heart disease (IHD) among municipalities has not been assessed in Japan. Additionally, associations between area-level socioeconomic deprivation indices and IHD mortality have not been identified in Japan. The present study investigated this association.
METHODS
Information on IHD mortality was extracted from Vital Statistics data from 2018 to 2020 for each municipality in Japan. The socioeconomic deprivation level was derived from multiple socioeconomic characteristics. We classified municipalities into quintiles based on the deprivation level and investigated the association between the deprivation level and the SMR of IHD. Additionally, a Bayesian spatial regression model was used to investigate this association, adjusting for other municipal characteristics.
RESULTS
Geographical variation in the SMR of IHD was revealed, and municipalities with high SMRs were spatially clustered. There was a weak negative correlation between the socioeconomic deprivation level and the SMRs (correlation coefficient, -0.057 for men and -0.091 for women). In contrast, the regression analysis showed a statistically significant positive association between deprived areas and the IHD mortality rate, and the relative risks for the most deprived municipalities compared with the least deprived municipalities were 1.184 (95% credible interval [CrI], 1.110 to 1.277) and 1.138 (95% CrI, 1.048 to 1.249) for men and women, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A weak negative correlation between the socioeconomic deprivation level and the SMR was observed in the descriptive analysis, while the regression analysis showed that living in deprived areas was statistically positively associated with the IHD mortality rate.
Summary
Key Message
We investigated associations between area-level socioeconomic deprivation indices and IHD mortality in Japan using the Vital Statistics data, and a spatial regression analysis showed that living in deprived areas was statistically positively associated with the IHD mortality rate.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Area deprivation and premature cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea
    Eunji Kim, Hokyou Lee, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Young Gyu Ko, Byoung Gwon Kim, Hyeon Chang Kim
    BMJ Public Health.2024; 2(1): e000877.     CrossRef
An age-period-cohort analysis of the difference in smoking prevalence between urban and non-urban areas in Japan (2004–2019)
Tasuku Okui
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020072.   Published online December 1, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020072
  • 9,761 View
  • 212 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to conduct an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of smoking prevalence trends in urban and non-urban areas in Japan.
METHODS
Data on smoking prevalence from 2004 to 2019 were extracted from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. Government ordinance-designated cities and special wards in Tokyo were defined as urban areas. The respondents ranged from 20 years to 79 years old, and were grouped in 5-year intervals. Cohorts were defined for each age group of each year, and those born between 1925-1929 and 1995-1999 were examined. We calculated the estimated smoking prevalence for each age, period, and cohort, as well as the smoking prevalence ratio of non-urban areas compared with urban areas from the APC analysis results.
RESULTS
The magnitude of the decrease in the period effect on smoking prevalence was larger in urban areas than in non-urban areas for both men and women. The smoking prevalence ratio for non-urban areas compared with that of urban areas was above 1 for men at most time points, except in the older age groups. In addition, the prevalence ratio between the areas decreased, particularly as age increased. For women, the smoking prevalence ratio in non-urban areas compared to urban areas was below 1 until cohorts born in the 1970s, but the trend reversed thereafter.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that further smoking control and cessation measures are necessary, particularly for older cohorts in urban women and for younger ages in non-urban men.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Global, Regional and National Burden of Pancreatic Cancer Attributable to Smoking, 1990 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
    Wenkai Jiang, Caifei Xiang, Yan Du, Xin Li, Wence Zhou
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(2): 1552.     CrossRef
  • The Usefulness of a Smartphone App–Based Smoking Cessation Program for Conventional Cigarette Users, Heated Tobacco Product Users, and Dual Users: Retrospective Study
    Yuko Noda, Ryuhei So, Misaki Sonoda, Takahiro Tabuchi, Akihiro Nomura
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023; 25: e42776.     CrossRef
  • Pancreatic Cancer and its Attributable Risk Factors in East Asia, Now and Future
    Kuiwu Ren, Chunlong Liu, Ziqiang He, Panpan Wu, Jian Zhang, Rui Yang, Tao Cui, Kun Song, Di Cheng, Kui He, Jiangtao Yu
    The Oncologist.2023; 28(11): e995.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between physical activity and perceptions of ageing from the perspective of healthy ageing among older people with frailty with chronic disease: a cross-sectional study
    Yu-Rung Wang, Huan-Fang Lee, Pei-Lun Hsieh, Chia-Hsiu Chang, Ching-Min Chen
    BMC Nursing.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Regional Differences in the Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis among Schoolchildren in Japan and Its Associated Factors from 2006 to 2018
    Tasuku Okui, Naoki Nakashima
    Allergies.2022; 2(2): 33.     CrossRef
  • Association of Esophageal Cancer Mortality with Municipal Socioeconomic Deprivation Level in Japan, 2013–2017: An Ecological Study Using Nationwide Data
    Tasuku Okui, Akie Hirata, Naoki Nakashima
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5483.     CrossRef
  • Trends in Deaths Attributable to Smoking in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States From 1990 to 2019
    Haoyu Wen, Cong Xie, Fang Shi, Yan Liu, Xiaoxue Liu, Chuanhua Yu
    International Journal of Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Decreased head circumference at birth associated with maternal tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy on the Japanese prospective birth cohort study
    Tadashi Shiohama, Aya Hisada, Midori Yamamoto, Kenichi Sakurai, Rieko Takatani, Katsunori Fujii, Naoki Shimojo, Chisato Mori, Michihiro Kamijima, Shin Yamazaki, Yukihiro Ohya, Reiko Kishi, Nobuo Yaegashi, Koichi Hashimoto, Chisato Mori, Shuichi Ito, Zenta
    Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • An analysis of health inequalities depending on educational level using nationally representative survey data in Japan, 2019
    Tasuku Okui
    BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Geographical Differences and Their Associated Factors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Mortality in Japan: An Ecological Study Using Nationwide Data
    Tasuku Okui, Jinsang Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(24): 13393.     CrossRef
  • Trend of asthma prevalence among children based on regional urbanization level in Japan; 2006–2019
    Tasuku Okui
    Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology.2021; 36(4): e2021027.     CrossRef
Brief Communication
Analysis of the difference in the perinatal mortality rate between white-collar and blue-collar workers in Japan, 1995-2015
Tasuku Okui
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020069.   Published online November 24, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020069
  • 8,319 View
  • 130 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated differences in the perinatal mortality rate between white-collar and blue-collar workers.
METHODS
Data from the “Report of Vital Statistics: Occupational and Industrial Aspects” in Japan covering the period from 1995 to 2015 were used. Five-year maternal age groups from 15-19 years to 45-49 years were analyzed according to work type, and the perinatal mortality rate for each age group and the age-standardized perinatal mortality rate according to maternal age were calculated in each analyzed year. A Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects for the perinatal mortality rate according to work type. Moreover, the perinatal mortality rate ratios between types of workers were estimated for each age group, period, and cohort.
RESULTS
The estimated perinatal mortality rate ratios of blue-collar to white-collar workers were above 1 in most of the age groups and cohorts. The age effect for the perinatal mortality rate among white-collar workers was the largest in the 15-year to 19-year age group, whereas that among blue-collar workers was the largest in the 45-year to 49-year age group. Furthermore, the estimated perinatal rate ratio between white-collar and blue-collar workers tended to increase with maternal age. The magnitude of the decrease of the cohort effects on the perinatal mortality rate was rather larger in blue-collar workers in the cohorts born between 1946-1950 and 1996-2000.
CONCLUSIONS
The magnitude of the disparity markedly increased with maternal age. Thus, middle-aged blue-collar workers need more prenatal care and preventive measures for perinatal mortality than white-collar workers.
Summary
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